HISTORY AND THE TYPES OF LINUX DISTRO

LINUX HISTORY

History of the Linux operating system is closely related to the GNU project, project free freeware program known chaired by Richard Stallman. The GNU project started in 1983 to create a complete Unix-like operating system â € "compiler, utility applications, utilities making and so on â €" was created entirely with free software. In 1991, when the first version of Linux framework is written, the GNU project has produced nearly all of the components of this system â € "except the kernel. Torvalds and creator of the Linux kernel as the kernel to adjust them in order to work with GNU components, and so spend enough operating system to function. Therefore, Linux is the last room in the design complements the GNU.
Linux (or GNU / Linux) is an open source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds began and still continues to be developed up to now by the many volunteers and developers around the world. iIstilah "Linux Indonesia" is a generic term used to refer to the whole Linux community Indonesia. Linux is a multiuser system, multitasking with a complete UNIX-compatible tools. Its file system follows the traditional UNIX semantics and fully implement the standard network model.

LINUX DISTRO


Linux is a Linux distro that is made with a specific program package based on existing source and packaged in such a way so as to have the look or features vary according to the wishes of the distro maker. There is a distro that focuses on the server meaning that distributions are more optimizations to the system so that the server software or programs that are specific to the server paketkan is just an example for these distributions, among others: Trustix Secure Linux, Turbo Linux Server, Red Hat Enterprise Server, Linux Server Optimize ( SOL), Mandrake Security and many other examples.
When a new Linux users get acquainted with Linux, they usually hit on the problem of distribution that will be used / selected. Broadly speaking the same Linux distro that is using the 'kernel' Linux, the difference is only in packages, the installation program, organizational directories and files, application programs and additional utilities.
Linux distribution is different for different needs. Below are some Linux distributions, including:

1. Lycoris

Lycoris is a linux distro that has made a beautiful version of linux and WinXP resembles, in terms of color, icons, and the easiness that exist. From the screenshot displays on his website you can observe that indeed Lycoris is a Linux distribution that beautify themselves so clever using Lycoris you'll find it works with Windows XP. Even OpenOffice is bundled with Lycoris has beautiful icons and typical Lycoris. Lycoris has different packages, and package called Linux root distribution Desktop / LX. Lycros have fasiltias IRIS is the Internet Rapid Installer for Linux Software to update you with new software. It's just this distro is not free and you need to pay with a number of "U.S. dollars".

2. Xandros

Xandros has better integration with Windows networks, capable of running OfficeXP applications, able to resize NTFS partitions during installation, etc.. Xandros is also free but not a commercial product.
Briefly Xandros offers the following advantages:
â € ¢ Five easy steps graphical installation
â € ¢ Management integrated partition
â € ¢ Display a familiar
â € ¢ Applications from qualified engineers Xandros
â € ¢ Compatibility with Microsoft file formats

3. Lindows

Lycoris Lindows still lag behind in terms of appearance but beauty Lindows has been more mature and has reached version 4.0. Facilities that are interesting from the Lindows Click-n-Run is the facility to get thousands of Linux software that is configured to Lindows with a single click and the installation process can also add a shortcut on the desktop and the list of programs otomatis.Lindows also a commercial product.

4. Linare

Linare has a special Linux distribution and desktop CPU package already installed Linare. Linare still seldom heard and is a newcomer. Linare is also a commercial product.

5. Debian GNU / Linux

Debian GNU / Linux is a non-commercial distribution produced by volunteers from around the world working together over the Internet. These distributions want a spirit of open-source that must exist in Debian. Dynamism of this distro makes each release its packets are updated every time and can be accessed via apt-get utility. Apt-get is a command-line utility that can be used dynamically to upgrade the system Debian GNU / Linux through the apt-repository extensive network of Debian archive. Debian mailing lists and forums are always full of good messages about bugs, issues, sharing, etc.. With the existence of this communication system bugs and security issues in each package can be reported by Debian users and developers quickly. The advantage of Debian is upgradability, inter-package dependencies are well defined, and its development in the open.

6. Linux-Mandrake

Linux-Mandrake is one of the distributions derived from Red Hat Linux provides a lot of development and application of 'pre-configured' and supported by many languages ​​around the world. These distributions are known easy for beginners and suitable for desktop class but did not rule to be used as a platform on the server. Optimization for Pentium-class processor up to make Linux-Mandrake can run well on that platform.

7. Red Hat Linux

Red Hat is a distro that is quite popular among Linux developers and companies. Support-technical support, training, certification, application development, and joining the kernel hackers and free-software such as Alan Cox, Michael Johnson, Stephen Tweedie makes Red Hat is growing fast and is used in the company. The biggest point of this distribution is Red Hat Package Manager (RPM). RPM is a software to manage packages on our Linux systems and is considered the de-facto standard in packaging the distros derivatives and that these distributions are widely supported.

8. Slackware

Distronya famous Patrick Volkerding first time after SLS. Slackware is known closer to UNIX style, simple, stable, easy dikustom, and is designed for computers 386/486 or higher. These distributions include distributions are very cryptic and manual for Linux newbies, but by using this distro some users may find a lot of how the system works and to release them. Slackware is the oldest still tough to survive at all times. Today is proud to release its new generation of the waves Slackware version 11 release of the other major distros like Mandriva 2007 and no longer Fedora 6.

9. Turbo Linux

Turbo Linux is a Linux distribution that demand by companies and individuals in Japan and Asia. Linux-based products with high performance is utilized for workstation and server markets, especially for the use of clustering and orientation to the company. Some of its products: TurboLinux Workstation for dekstopnya, Turbolinux Server for the backend servers with high performance, especially for business use in the enterprise, e-commerce and B2B (Business-to-Business).

10. Knoppix

Knoppix is ​​a Linux live-cd distro that can run through the CD-ROM without installing them on your hard-disk. Application is complete and suitable for a demo or learn Linux for those who do not have space on your hard-disk, can also for a rescue CD. The downside of knoppix is ​​a need for large memory to use a graphics mode that is 96 MB though it can also run on a 64 MB memory with a swap on the hard-disk as the author's experience but you need a little patience. Debian-based distro GNU / Linux.

TIPS FOR CHOOSING THE DISTRO


â € ¢ If you want to try or learn Linux without changing or install it on your hard-disk, live-cd distro like knoppix could be an option.
â € ¢ Install a Linux distribution that belongs to our close friends. The reason is if there is something with which we install Linux or just want to ask anything about Linux, there is someone that we can ask, and in the presence of friends, we can discuss, ngoprek together and as time goes by we and my friends we will develop together.
â € ¢ After you install the Linux distro that belongs to our friend and if already proficient in playing or using Linux, we can try to install another distro that we think is good and in accordance with our preferences.

â € ¢ Install and try all distros ONLY! it's nice but it will spend the time and cost, we can choose any distros that if we fit / like, by looking at the experience of friends who have never used, documentation, articles, and related materials
â € ¢ Continue to work as usual in our Linux system, if possible could the distro variations and different applications, in the end we can feel and understand which distro is best suited for our needs or preferences.